The field of tissue engineering aims to replicate the structure and function of real biological tissues. This engineered tissue has potential applications in disease modeling, drug discovery, and implantable grafts. 3D bioprinting, which uses living cells, biocompatible materials, and growth factors to build three-dimensional tissue and organ structures, has emerged as a key tool in the field. To date, one of the most-used approaches for bioprinting relies on additive manufacturing techniques an

Jet grouting and permeation grouting are both techniques used to improve ground conditions, but they differ significantly in their methods and applications. Jet grouting involves the high-pressure injection of a cementitious grout into the ground, which breaks up the soil and mixes with it to form a strong, consolidated mass. This method is highly versatile and effective in creating soilcrete columns, even in challenging ground conditions. Permeation grouting, on the other hand, is less invasive